Tape transport lance sampler

ABSTRACT

A lancet-sampler system is configured to automatically remove a protective cover from a lancet and automatically unpack a test pad just prior to use. This minimizes the risk of injury and reduces the chance of cross-contamination between the lancet and the test pad. The lancet defines a capillary groove for drawing body fluid from the incision via capillary action and a sample transfer opening for collecting the fluid from the groove. A carrier tape is coupled to the lancet. The carrier tape includes a test pad for analyzing the fluid. The tape is folded around the test pad to form an airtight package. The test pad is located at a position to align with the sample transfer opening when the tape is unfolded. The protective cover covers a portion of the lancet, and when the tape is pulled, the protective cover is automatically pulled from the lancet.

BACKGROUND

The present invention generally relates to a transport system forintegrated sampling devices and more specifically, but not exclusively,concerns a system in which a sterility cap is automatically removed froma lancet-sampler and a technique for manufacturing the same.

The acquisition and testing of bodily fluids is useful for many purposesand continues to grow in importance for use in medical diagnosis andtreatment, such as for diabetes, and in other diverse applications. Inthe medical field, it is desirable for lay operators to perform testsroutinely, quickly, and reproducibly outside of a laboratory setting,with rapid results and a readout of the resulting test information.Testing can be performed on various bodily fluids and, for certainapplications, is particularly related to the testing of blood and/orinterstitial fluid. Performing home-based testing can be difficult formany patients, especially for patients with limited hand dexterity, suchas the elderly or diabetics. For example, diabetics can sometimesexperience numbness or tingling in their extremities, such as theirhands, which can make self-testing difficult because they are unable toaccurately position a test strip to collect the blood sample. Inaddition, wounds for diabetics tend to heal more slowly, and as aresult, there is a desire to make incisions less invasive.

Recently, lancet integrated test strips have been developed in which atest strip is integrated with a lancet or other piercing means so as toform a single disposable unit. While these integrated units havesomewhat simplified the collection and testing of fluid samples, thereare still a number of issues that need to be resolved before acommercial unit can be implemented. One issue concerns maintaining thesterility of the lancet so as to minimize the risk of infection. Inpractice, conventional plastic or syringe-type caps that are used tomaintain the sterility of typical lancets cannot be incorporated withlancet integrated test strips for several reasons. With typicalsyringe-type caps, the cap encapsulates the lancet, and the cap isremoved by pulling or twisting the cap off the lancet. As noted before,diabetics as well as the elderly can experience hand dexterity problems.Consequently, the manual removal of the cap from the lancet withoutdestroying or damaging the integrated device can be difficult or evenpractically impossible. As of yet, a commercially practical system forautomatically removing the cap has not been developed.

Integrated systems have been proposed that utilized closed needles thatare manufactured through conventional needle drawing techniques.However, these conventional drawing techniques for needles can be ratherexpensive. Other systems have been proposed in which closed needles aremanufactured using a semiconductor manufacturing process in which layersof semiconductor material are layered to form a closed needle. However,manufacturing a closed needle in such a way can be expensive and is notwell suited for high volume production. Still yet other integrateddisposables have been proposed that utilize a modified version of aconventional lancet for lancing the skin.

There is a trend to make lancets and needles smaller or thinner so as tomake less traumatic or less invasive incisions, which in turn makesself-monitoring less painful as well as promotes healing of theincision. However, due to their thinner nature, lancets are more proneto bending or are susceptible to other damage, especially whenprotective caps are removed. Further, the pulling or twisting actionduring cap removal can damage the test strip, like the delicateelectrodes in an electrochemical type test strip, or can even result inthe lancet being separated from the test strip.

Other difficulties arise when a thinner lancet is used in integrateddisposables in order to reduce pain. Some integrated disposable designshave an open capillary channel or groove formed in the lancet that isused to draw via capillary action body fluid from the incision to thetest area or chamber. These open capillary groove integrated disposablesexperience a number of difficulties in drawing fluid via capillaryaction when the lancet is thin. As should be already appreciated,capillary action occurs when the adhesion of a liquid, such as bodyfluid, to the walls of the capillary channel is stronger than thecohesive forces between the liquid molecules. Adhesion of the liquid tothe walls of the capillary channel causes the edge of the liquid to moveupwards in the channel, and the surface tension acts to hold the surfaceof the liquid intact, so instead of just the edges moving upward, thewhole liquid surface is dragged upward in the channel. However, with theopen capillary groove designs, one of the walls of the capillary channelis eliminated, thereby reducing the overall contact area between thewalls of the capillary channel and the surface of the body fluid. Thisreduction in contact area between the capillary channel and the bodyfluid reduces the capillary force applied to the fluid. To compensate,open capillary groove integrated disposables typically require that thecapillary groove is deep so that the opposing sidewalls of the grooveprovide sufficient contact area with the meniscus to draw the bodyfluid. However, when the thickness of the lancet is reduced in order toreduce pain associated with lancing, the groove becomes too shallow todraw the body fluid via capillary action.

Integrated disposable designs have been proposed in which the entireunit is sealed within a protective packet. However, these designsrequire the entire disposable unit to be sterilized at the same time,which results in a whole host of difficulties. Unfortunately,sterilization techniques for lancets, such as radiation, adverselyaffect the chemistry of the test strip. Hence, if left uncompensated,the accuracy of the test strip can be significantly hampered. Tocompensate for the changes that occur during sterilization, samples fromsterilized lots are taken so that an adjustment or calibration value canbe calculated for the lot. Moreover, certain desirable sterilizationtechniques for lancets are impractical when the lancet and test stripare combined together because these techniques tend to damage or evendestroy components on the test strip. In addition, undesirable crosscontamination can occur between the lancet and the test strip whensealed in the same protective packet. For instance, components of thetest strip, such as chemicals, biological components, adhesives, and thelike, can migrate within the packet onto the lancet, thereby possiblycompromising the sterility of the lancet.

Thus, needs remain for further contributions in this area of technology.

SUMMARY

One aspect concerns a tape assembly that includes a lancet and a carriertape. The lancet includes a lancet tip configured to lance tissue. Aprotective cover covers at least a portion of the lancet tip. The tapeis coupled to the lancet and the protective cover. The tape has aslackened section between the lancet and the protective cover forallowing removal of the protective cover from the lancet tip when thetape is pulled.

Another aspect concerns a technique for assembling a tape assembly. Alancet is provided with a portion of the lancet covered with aprotective cover. A slackened section of a tape is formed. The lancetand the protective cover are attached to the tape with the slackenedsection located between where the lancet and the protective cover areattached to the tape.

A further aspect relates to a technique for automatically removing aprotective cover from a lancet. A tape assembly includes a tape and thelancet with the protective cover covering at least a portion of thelancet. The lancet and the protective cover are attached to the tapewith a slackened section of the tape located between where the lancetand the protective cover are attached to the tape. The protective coveris pulled from the lancet by applying tension to the tape.

Still yet another aspect relates to a body fluid sampling device thatautomatically aligns a test pad with a sample collection opening. Thedevice includes a lancet that is configured to lance an incision intissue. The lancet defines a capillary groove configured to draw bodyfluid from the incision via capillary action and the sample transferopening configured to collect the body fluid from the capillary groove.A carrier tape is coupled to the lancet. The carrier tape includes atest pad configured to analyze the body fluid. The tape is folded aroundthe test pad, and the test pad is located at a position to align withthe sample transfer opening when the tape is unfolded.

A further aspect concerns a lancet-sampler that includes a lancet. Thelancet has a body and a lancet tip extending from the body configured tocut an incision in tissue. The lancet has opposing first and secondsides. The lancet defines a groove in the first side that extends fromthe lancet tip to the body. A cover covers at least a portion of thegroove over the first side to define an enclosed capillary channelconfigured to draw body fluid via capillary action. The groove has atleast a segment that extends completely through the lancet from thefirst side to the second side.

Further forms, objects, features, aspects, benefits, advantages, andembodiments of the present invention will become apparent from adetailed description and drawings provided herewith.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lancet according to one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lancet strip from which the FIG. 1lancet is formed.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the FIG. 2 lancet strip.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a lancet-sampler that incorporates theFIG. 1 lancet.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the FIG. 4 lancet-sampler with aprotective cover covering one end of the lancet-sampler.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lancet-sampler label that incorporatesthe FIG. 4 lancet-sampler.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a carrier tape to which the FIG. 6lancet-sampler label is attached.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the FIG. 7 carrier tape during folding.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a tape assembly that includes the FIG. 6lancet-sampler and the FIG. 7 carrier tape.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the FIG. 9 tape assembly.

FIG. 11 is a first perspective view of the FIG. 9 tape assembly as theFIG.7 carrier tape unfolds.

FIG. 12 is a second perspective view of the FIG. 9 tape assembly whenthe FIG.7 carrier tape is completely unfolded.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the FIG. 9 tape assembly when the FIG. 7carrier tape is completely unfolded.

FIG. 14 is a top view of the FIG. 4 lancet-sampler when filled with abody fluid.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a lancet-sampler according to anotherembodiment.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the FIG. 15 lancet-sampler with an endcovered with a protective cover.

FIG. 17 is a cross sectional view of the FIG. 15 lancet-sampler as takenalong line 17-17 in FIG. 15.

FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view of the FIG. 17 lancet sampler whenfluid is transferred to a test pad on the tape.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a lancet-sampler tape according to afurther embodiment that is configured to analyze fluid sampleselectrochemically.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a cassette according to one embodimentin which the carrier tape can be stored.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the FIG. 20 cassette with a portion ofthe housing removed.

FIGS. 22A and 22B are perspective views of the carrier tape in the FIG.20 cassette that illustrate a technique for removing the protectivecover from the lancet-sampler.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a cassette according to anotherembodiment that houses the carrier tape.

FIGS. 24A, 24B, and 24C are perspective views of the FIG. 23 cassettewith a portion of its cassette housing removed that illustrate atechnique for flipping a lancet to a tail first orientation.

FIG. 25 is a front perspective view of a meter in which the FIG. 23cassette can be loaded.

FIG. 26 is a rear perspective view of the FIG. 25 meter.

FIG. 27A is an enlarged perspective view of FIG. 25 meter.

FIG. 27B is an enlarged view of a clutch of a lancing unit engaged witha priming gear in the FIG. 25 meter.

FIG. 27C is an enlarged view of the clutch disengaged from the priminggear in the FIG. 25 meter.

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of a portion of the FIG. 25 meter where thelancet is fired from the meter.

FIGS. 29A, 29B, 29C, 29D, 29E, and 29F are perspective views of the FIG.25 meter during lancing and sampling.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SELECTED EMBODIMENTS

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of theinvention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated inthe drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. Itwill nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of theinvention is thereby intended, such alterations and furthermodifications in the illustrated device, and such further applicationsof the principles of the invention as illustrated therein beingcontemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to whichthe invention relates. A number of embodiments of the invention areshown in detail, although it will be apparent to those skilled in therelevant art that some features that are not relevant to the presentinvention may not be shown for the sake of clarity. It should be notedthat directional terms, such as “up”, “down”, “top”, “bottom”,“clockwise” and “counterclockwise”, are used herein solely for theconvenience of the reader in order to aid in the reader's understandingof the illustrated embodiments, and it is not the intent that the use ofthese directional terms in any manner limit the described, illustrated,and/or claimed features to a specific direction or orientation.

The present invention generally concerns a tape of lancet integratedtest elements (LITs) and/or semi-integrated disposables as well as atechnique for manufacturing the LITs and/or semi-integrated disposables.In particular, the tape includes a plurality of flat lancets. Eachlancet includes a whole and/or half-etched capillary channel thatconnects to a sample transfer opening and an actuator engagement keyholethat is used to actuate the lancet. The capillary channel and the sampletransfer opening are covered with a hydrophilic heat sealable foil via acontinuous reel-to-reel process. Enclosing the capillary channel allowsthe lancet sampler to draw fluid via capillary action, especially whenthe lancet is thin. Afterwards, the individual lancets are punched fromthe strip. The tip of the lancet is heat-laminated between a foilsandwich, thereby forming a removable protective cover. Two strips ofadhesive tape are attached to opposite ends of the lancet, and thelancet assembly is sterilized. A reagent label or test pad configured toanalyze the fluid sample is applied to a main cassette or carrier tape.The cassette tape is folded over the test pad in a fanfold fashion, andthe tape is secured over the test pad via a peelable adhesive to form anairtight package. In the package, a micro-desiccant bead can be affixedadjacent the test pad. The two strips of adhesive tape are attached totwo opposite flaps or sections between the fold lines. Duringdispensing, the tape is pulled to unfold the package. As the tapeunfolds, the protective cover is automatically pulled from the lancettip. When fully unfolded, the test pad automatically aligns with thesample transfer opening. The lancet is then actuated to lance the skin,and the fluid is drawn onto the test pad via the channel in the lancet.The alignment of the test pad with the sample transfer opening can occurbefore or after the lancet lances the skin and collects the fluid. Inother embodiments, the sample transfer opening is optional such that thefluid transfer occurs directly from the capillary channel.

With this system, the difficulties associated with the manual removal ofthe protective cap are eliminated because the system provides a uniquetechnique for automatically removing caps. A number of the difficultiesassociated with sterilization are reduced because the lancet can besterilized separately from the test pad. Moreover, the risk ofcross-contamination between the lancet and the test pad is reducedbecause the lancet and test pad are only exposed immediately prior touse. As will be understood from the discussion below, the system alsohelps to alleviate a number of other issues. Although the presentinvention will be discussed with reference to collecting blood from theskin, it should be recognized that other types of body fluids, such asinterstitial fluid, can be analyzed from various types of tissues, inaddition to skin.

A perspective view of a lancet 30, according to one embodiment, used inthe LIT is shown in FIG. 1. The lancet 30 in one form is made fromsurgical grade stainless steel, but it should be appreciated that thelancet 30 can made of other materials suitable for lancets. In oneparticular form, the lancet 30 is made from 76 μm thick precipitationhardening (PH) 17-7 stainless steel. As can be seen, the lancet 30includes a lancet tip 32 that extends from a lancet body or base 34. Thelancet tip 32 is configured to cut an incision in tissue. In theillustrated embodiment, the lancet tip 32 has a triangular shapedcutting edge, but it should be recognized that the tip 32 can be shapeddifferently in other embodiments. The profile of the lancet 30 in FIG. 1is generally flat, which in turn simplifies packaging of the LIT.However, it is contemplated that the lancet 30 in other embodiments doesnot necessarily need to be flat.

Stretching from the lancet tip 32 to the lancet base 34, the lancet 30has a capillary groove 36 that is used to transport a body fluid samplefrom an incision to a sample transfer opening or pooling area 38 in thelancet 30. In the illustrated embodiment, the capillary groove 36extends partially through the lancet 30, and the sample transfer opening38 extends completely through the lancet 30. Instead of being partiallyetched through the lancet 30, the capillary groove 36 in otherembodiments can be a fully-etched capillary channel that extendscompletely through the lancet 30. As a side note, the terms “etched”,“partially etched”, and “fully etched” are being used so that the readereasily comprehend the discussed concepts, and it should be understoodthat the use of these terms in no way limits how the various grooves,openings, and other features are created. Although these features can beetched, it should be recognized that these features can also be createdusing other techniques as well, like stamping, cutting, and punching, toname a few examples. In one embodiment where the lancet 30 is 76 μmthick, the partially etched section of the capillary groove 36 has awidth of approximately 250 μm and a depth of approximately 40 μm, but itshould be recognized that the dimensions can vary in other embodiments.The sample transfer opening 38 is generally wider than the capillarygroove 36 so as to collect the fluid from the capillary groove 36 fordeposition onto a test pad. In the depicted embodiment, the sampletransfer opening 38 has an oblong or elliptical shape, but the sampletransfer opening 38 can be shaped differently in other embodiments oreliminated completely.

Between the capillary groove 36 and the sample transfer opening 38, thelancet 30 has a fully-etched section 39 that has generally the samewidth as the capillary groove 36, but the section 39 is fully etchedlike the sample transfer opening 38. If the fluid from the capillarygroove 36 was directly transferred to the wider and fully etched sampletransfer opening 38, the fluid flow might on occasion stop because fluidtends to have a higher affinity for smaller capillary channels, which inthis case would be the capillary groove 36. The fully-etched section 39before the sample transfer opening 38 provides a gradual transition thatallows the momentum of the body fluid to carry the fluid to the sampletransfer opening 38. Opposite the capillary groove 36, the sampletransfer opening 38 has a vent slot 40 for venting air as the sampletransfer opening 38 fills with fluid. In the illustrated embodiment, thesample transfer opening 38 is wider than the vent slot 40, but it iscontemplated that the vent slot 40 can have the same width or be widerthan the sample transfer opening 38 in other embodiments. Moreover, thevent slot 40 in further embodiments can be eliminated such thatuncovered portions of the capillary groove 36 and/or the sample transferopening 38 can vent air. In the base 34, the lancet 30 has an actuatorengagement opening or keyhole 42 to which an actuator of a lancingmechanism engages in order to fire the lancet 30. In the depictedembodiment, the actuator engagement hole 42 includes an oblong-shapedcentral portion and opposing circular-shaped holes. As should berecognized, the actuator engagement hole 42 can be shaped differently inother embodiments.

Turning to FIGS. 2 and 3, the lancets 30 in one form are manufacturedvia a continuous reel-to-reel process in which the various features ofthe lancets 30 are formed from a continuous lancet strip 44. Forexample, the openings 38, 42 as well as the capillary groove 36 can beformed via photolithography, punching, and/or stamping techniques, toname a few examples. In one particular example, the capillary groove 36is formed via photolithography by only partially etching into the lancet30. As should be recognized, other types of manufacturing processes canbe used to form the lancets 30. In the illustrated embodiment, thelancet strip 44 includes tractor openings 46 for indexing the lancetstrip 44 during manufacturing, but the tractor openings 46 can beoptional in other embodiments.

As mentioned before, it is desirable to have the lancet 30 as thin aspossible so as to minimize pain associated with lancing. It was,however, discovered that when the thickness of the lancet 30 is reduced,the available depth of the opposing walls of the capillary channel 36 islikewise reduced. This reduced wall depth of the capillary channel 36 inturn reduces the capillary affinity of the channel 36 to such an extentthat the capillary channel 36 would not be able to consistently drawfluid in sufficient amounts for testing purposes or practically draw anyfluid up to the sample transfer opening 38.

Contrary to conventional wisdom that teaches the use of lancets withopen capillary channels, the capillary groove or channel 36 of thelancet 30 in the illustrated embodiment is closed. To enhance thecapillary action in thinner lancets, a cover foil 48 is used to enclosethe capillary groove 36 so as to increase the contact area of themeniscus of the body fluid with the capillary groove 36. After thecapillary groove 36 and sample transfer opening 38 are formed, thelancet strip 44 is laminated with the cover foil 48 to create anenclosed capillary channel 50. Laminating the cover foil 48 over thelancet 30 provides an easy technique to create a closed capillarychannel. The cover foil 48 in one embodiment is heat sealed to thelancet strip 44, but the cover foil 48 in further embodiments can besecured in other manners, such as via a room temperature adhesive. Inone form, the cover foil 48 is hydrophilic by being coated with ahydrophilic layer of material. However, it should be appreciated thatthe cover foil 48 can be made hydrophilic in other manners, and all orpart of the cover foil 48 can be hydrophilic. The cover foil 48 in oneform is hydrophilic before the cover foil 48 is attached to the lancet30. In another form, hydrophilic material is deposited on a section thecover foil 48 that covers the capillary groove 36. Surfactants, whichare typically used to make materials hydrophilic, tend to be slippery.The slippery nature of surfactants can make the attachment of the coverfoil 48 to the lancet 30, with for example an adhesive, very difficult.To address this attachment issue, the cover foil 48 in one embodiment isnot covered with a surfactant before the foil 48 is attached to thelancet 30. Rather, once the cover foil 48 is attached, a solution ofalcohol and surfactant is poured, sprayed, and/or otherwise drawn intothe now enclosed capillary channel 50. The solution is then dried toleave surfactant in the enclosed capillary channel 50. In one particularform, the cover foil 48 is a hydrophilic heat sealable 12 μm thickpolyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil. In selected embodiments, all orpart of the cover foil 48 can be transparent and/or semi-opaque so as tobe able to detect fluid fill sufficiency.

As can be seen, most of the capillary groove 36 and the sample transferopening 38 are covered by the cover foil 48 to form the enclosedcapillary channel 50. However, a portion of the capillary groove 36 atthe lancet tip 32 is left exposed so that the capillary channel 50 isable to collect the fluid sample. In a similar fashion, a portion of thevent slot 40 is open to the outside environment to permit venting of airfrom the capillary channel 50. In comparison to open capillary channeldesigns, it has been found that the enclosed capillary channel 50 tendsto be more robust than open capillary channel systems. It is theorizedthat, by being enclosed, the capillary channel 50 can enhance thecapillary action that is used to draw the fluid sample. Moreover, incontrast to open capillary channel designs that allow fluid to escape,the enclosed capillary channel 50 tends to reduces fluid waste, which inturn reduces the amount of body fluid needed for fluid collection.Nevertheless, it should be recognized that selected features from thesystem described herein can be adapted to other systems that have anopen capillary channel design.

Referring to FIG. 4, subsequent to lamination of the cover foil 48 overthe strip 44, the lancet 30 is punched from the strip 44 to form alancet-sampler 52. In one form, the lancet-sampler 52 is punched fromthe strip 44 with a high-speed rotary male/female die system. However,it should be appreciated that the lancet-sampler 52 can be removed fromthe strip 44 in other manners.

Looking at FIG. 5, all or a portion of the lancet tip 32 is sandwichbetween a protective foil or film 54 that is laminated together to forma protective tip or cover 56 for preventing injury as well as formaintaining the sterility of the lancet 30. In one form, the protectivefoil 54 is heat laminated together to form the protective cover 56, butit should be understood that the protective foil 54 can be laminatedtogether in other manners, such as with an adhesive. As will beexplained in greater detail below, the protective cap is configured tobe automatically pulled off the lancet tip 32 before use. The protectivefoil 54 in one embodiment is a polyethylene (PE) or PET foil, but it isenvisioned that other materials can be used. It also should berecognized that the protective cover 56 can be formed before thelancet-sampler 52 is punched from the strip 44. For instance, the lancet30 can be bent or cut away from the strip and the protective foil 54applied before the lancet-sampler 52 is punched from the strip 44.

Once the protective cover 56 covers the lancet tip 32, connector tapes58 are secured at opposite ends of the lancet-sampler 52 to create alancet-sampler label 60, as is depicted in FIG. 6. The tape connectors58 are used to secure the lancet-sampler 52 to a carrier or cassettetape. In the illustrated embodiment, the connector tapes 58 are adhesivetapes, and in one particular form, the connector tapes 58 include PETadhesive tape. One of the connector tapes 58 is secured to protectivecover 56, and the other connector tape 58 is secured to the base 34 ofthe lancet 30. As viewed in FIG. 6, the connector tapes 58 are securedto the top side of the lancet-sampler 52, but it should be appreciatedthat the connector tapes 58 can be secured elsewhere. For example, oneof the connector tapes 58 can be secured to the top side of thelancet-sampler 52, and the other can be secured to the bottom side ofthe lancet-sampler 52. In another example, the connector tapes 58 can beattached along the edges of the lancet-sampler 52. As should berecognized, one or more of the connector tapes 58 can be made integralwith the lancet-sampler 52 or the connector tapes 58 can be eliminated.For instance, one of the connector tapes 58 can be integrally formedwith the protective cover 56. Once assembled, the lancet-sampler label60 is then sterilized. In one form, the lancet-sampler label 60 issterilized using an inline electron beam (e-beam) sterilization process.Nevertheless, the lancet 30 can be sterilized in other manners, such asvia gamma radiation or ultraviolet sterilization techniques. Moreover,it should be appreciated that the lancet 30 can also be sterilized atthe various assembly stages before the connector tapes 58 are attachedto the lancet-sampler 52.

As noted above, the connector tapes 58 are used to secure thelancet-sampler label 60 to a cassette tape. By being disposed on thetape, multiple lancet-samplers 52 can be used in a cassette or othertype of device that can perform multiple tests before requiringdisposal. It, however, is contemplated that features of this system canbe incorporated into single use meters. FIG. 7 illustrates a carrier orcassette tape 62, according to one embodiment, to which one or more ofthe lancet-sampler labels 60 are secured. As depicted, one or morereagent labels or test pads 64 for analyzing the fluid sample is appliedto the tape 62. In one embodiment, the tape 62 is a 5 mm wide×0.012 mmthick PET cassette tape, but it is envisioned that the tape 62 in otherembodiments can be dimensioned differently and made from othermaterials. For instance, the tape 62 in another form is 23 μm thick. Thetest pad 64 incorporates the chemistry and/or sensors used to analyze afluid sample. In one form, the test pad 64 is configured forelectrochemical analysis of a fluid sample. The test pad 64 can forexample include electrodes, such as working, counter, and referenceelectrodes, and chemistry, like mediators and enzymes, forelectrochemically analyzing a fluid sample. Any number ofelectrochemical techniques can be used to analyze a fluid sample, suchas amperometric, potentiometric, and coulometric techniques, to name afew. In other forms, the test pad 64 can have chemistry for analyzing afluid sample optically, such as through reflective and/or transmissivetechniques. As should be appreciated, the test pad 64 can be configuredto analyze the fluid sample in other manners as well.

To facilitate automatic removal of the protective cover 56, the tape 62has a slackened or loose section that provides enough slack so that theprotective cover 56 is able to clear the lancet tip 32 when tension isapplied to the tape 62. The slackened section of tape 62 also providesenough slack so that the lancet 30 can be fired to form an incision.Before the lancet-sampler label 60 is attached, the tape 62 is folded ina fanfold manner (180°) over the test pad 64, as is illustrated in FIG.8. The folded section of the tape 62 forms a packet 66 for protectingthe test pad 64 as well as provides the slack to allow the cap 56 to bepulled from the lancet 30. The packet 66 in one embodiment is sealedwith a vapor tight pealing adhesive, and a micro-desiccant bead isaffixed adjacent to the test pad 64 in order to control the humiditylevels within the packet 66. In another embodiment, a packet 66 is notformed, but rather, the tape 62 is loosely folded in a manner to createloose loops or a slackened section of tape 62 around the test pad 64. Inthis embodiment, the cassette in which the tape 62 is housed contains adesiccant and has seals to maintain humidity levels of the test pad 64.As should be appreciated, this system can be adapted for use innon-integrated systems. For example, in still yet a further form, thetape 62 does not include the test pad 64, but rather, the lancet 30 isused to only form an incision (and not to collect and analyze a fluidsample). In this case, the tape 62 does not have the packet 66. Instead,the tape 62 has a slackened section between where the tape is attachedto the protective cover 56 and the lancet 30 so as to facilitate theremoval of the protective cover 56.

Returning to the FIG. 8 embodiment, a pair of fingers 68 of a foldingmechanism 70 are used to fold the tape 62. As can be seen, the fingers68 of the folding mechanism 70 engage opposite sides of the tape 62, andthe mechanism 70 is rotated in a counterclockwise fashion, as indicatedby arrow 72 in FIG. 8, in order to fold the tape 62 to form the packet66. The fingers 68 form first 74 and second 76 creases or folds with anintermediate tape section 78 that has the test pad 64. As will bediscussed in detail below, the distance between the first crease 74 andthe test pad 64 is selected so that, once unfolded, the test pad 64aligns with the sample transfer opening 38 in the lancet 30. This allowsthe test pad 64 to be positioned to directly absorb the fluid sample inthe sample transfer opening 38. The intermediate section 78 with thetest pad 64 is folded against the tape 62 and sealed to form the packet66. Once the tape 62 is folded, the fingers 68 are temporarily pulledaway from the tape 62 as the tape 62 is indexed, and afterwards, thefingers 68 are reapplied to the tape 62 to fold the next packet 66. Asshould be appreciated, the folding mechanism 70 allows the tape 62 to befolded in a continuous process, which in turn simplifies manufacturing.It, however, should be appreciated that the tape 62 in other embodimentscan be folded in other manners, such as manually or with a differenttype of folding mechanism.

Looking at FIGS. 9 and 10, the lancet-sampler label 60 is attached tothe tape 62 via the connector tapes 58 such that the lancet-samplerlabel 60 spans across the first crease 74 to form a tape assembly 80.The lancet-sampler labels 60 can be secured to the tape 62 in a varietyof manners, such as via an adhesive, welded, and/or bonded. Inparticular, the connector tape 58 that is secured to the base 34 of thelancet 30 is attached to a first section 82 of the tape 62, which isupstream from the first crease 74, and the connector tape 58 that issecured to the protective cover 56 is attached to a second section 84 ofthe tape 62, which is downstream from the intermediate section 78 andthe second crease 76. Since the lancet-sampler label 60 is attached tothe tape 62 after sterilization, the harmful effects to the test pad 64from sterilization are avoided. In turn, this avoids the need forrecalibration of the tape assembly 80.

Once assembled, the tape assembly 80 in one embodiment is housed withina cassette. For example, the tape assembly 80 can be stored in cassetteslike those illustrated and described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/326,422, filed Jan. 5, 2006, entitled “Lancet Integrated Test ElementTape Dispenser” (attorney docket number 7404-745), which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety. In one form, an unusedsection of the tape assembly 80 is stored in a stacked manner within asupply portion of the cassette so as to reduce the chance of bending ofthe lancets 30, which can result in damage to the lancets 30. After use,the used section of the tape assembly 80 can be wrapped around a spoolwithin a waste portion of the cassette because damage to the lancets 30after use is not a concern. If needed, the cassette can include adesiccant and seals to maintain low humidity levels within the cassetteso as to preserve the test pads as well as other components. It isenvisioned that the tape assembly 80 can be stored in other manners. Byway of non-limiting examples, the tape assembly 80 can be stored inmagazines, discs, drums, and cartridges, to name a few.

As alluded to above, the tape assembly 80 is configured to automaticallyremove the protective cover 56 from the tip 32 of the lancet 30.Referring again to FIG. 10, the lancet-sampler label 60 is coupled tothe first 82 and second 84 tape sections with the packet 66 in between.Before the lancet-sampler 52 is used, such as when the lancet-sampler 52is initially indexed from a supply portion of a cassette, tension isapplied to the second section 84 of the tape 62, as indicated by arrow86 in FIG. 10. In one embodiment, the tension is applied via a spoolaround which the used section of tape 62 is wound after use. In anotherembodiment, the tension is applied via a tractor mechanism that is usedto index the tape 62. It should be appreciated that the tape 62 can betensioned in other manners. As the tension is applied, the first section82 of the tape 62 is held fixed in place via a gripper or brakemechanism 88. The brake mechanism 88 includes opposing brake pads 90that clamp against the tape 62 to hold the first section 82 in place. Asshould be recognized, the first section 82 of tape can be held in placein other manners. For instance, a spool or tractor mechanism can be usedto hold the first section 82 in place. It is envisioned that in otherembodiments tension can be applied to the tape 62 in other manners. Forexample, the first section 82 of the tape 62 can be pulled while thesecond section 84 is fixed in placed. In yet another example, bothsections 82, 84 of the tape 62 are pulled in opposite directions at thesame time.

Turning to FIG. 11, as the tension is applied in direction 86, theprotective cover 56 is pulled from the lancet 30, thereby exposing thelancet tip 32. After the protective cover 56 is removed, the lancet 30can then be used to form an incision in tissue. Once the protectivecover 56 is removed or some time thereafter, the brake mechanism 88releases the tape 62 so that the tape 62 can be indexed. To form theincision, the firing mechanism engages the actuator engagement opening42 so as to be able to fire the lancet 30 towards the tissue. As shouldbe appreciated, the lancet 30 can be fired via various lancingmechanisms, like a spring-driven lancing mechanism, an electromechanicallancing mechanism, and the like. For example, a firing mechanism likethe one described and illustrated in U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/737,660, filed Dec. 16, 2003, which is herby incorporated byreference in its entirety, can be used to fire the lancet 30.

During or after the protective cover 56 is pulled away from the lancet30, the folds forming the packet 66 containing the test pad 64 peel awayfrom one another, as is depicted in FIG. 11. In one form, the peelableadhesive in the packet 66 releases, thereby opening the packet 66. Incontrast to previous systems, the packet 66 is designed to keep the testpad 64 protected immediately prior to use, which in turn reduces thechance of cross-contamination between the lancet 30 and the test pad 64.As noted before, the packet 66 can be sealed in other manners, such aswelded shut, or not sealed at all. In these other embodiments, the foldsof the packet 66 can separate in other manners. For instance, the packet66 in other embodiments can include weakened sections or break linesthat break when tension is applied so as to allow the packet 66 tounfold. The free loop of tape 62 formed by the unfolded packet 66provides freedom of movement for actuating the lancet 30 to form theincision. Lancing can occur before or after the packet 66 is completelyunfolded.

Once the packet 66 is fully unfolded, the test pad 64 in FIGS. 12 and 13is aligned directly underneath the sample transfer opening 38 so thatthe test pad 64 is able to directly receive the fluid sample from thesample transfer opening 38. It is envisioned that in other embodimentsthe packet does not necessarily need to be fully unfolded before thetest pad 64 is aligned with the sample transfer opening 38.

The transfer of the fluid sample from the lancet 30 to the test pad 64can occur in several ways. In one way, the lancet 30 first collects thefluid sample and then is subsequently moved over the test pad 64 as thepacket 66 completely unfolds. For example, the incision is formed andthe fluid is collected before the packet 66 is completely unfolded. Inparticular, the lancet 30 lances the skin or other tissue with thepacket 66 only partially unfolded, such as in the manner illustrated inFIG. 11. Fluid collection can occur while the tip 32 of the lancet 30 isstill located within the tissue (subcutaneously) or the fluid sample canbe collected on the surface of the tissue. After the sample is drawninto the sample transfer opening 38, the packet 66 is completelyunfolded so as to bring the test pad 64 into contact with the fluidsample within the sample transfer opening 38. The fluid is thentransferred to the test pad 64 and subsequently analyzed. In anotherway, the packet 66 is completely unfolded before fluid collectionoccurs. For example, the packet 66 in one embodiment is completelyunfolded, and the test pad 64 is positioned underneath the sampletransfer opening 38 before the lancet 30 forms the incision and thefluid sample is collected with the capillary groove 36. It iscontemplated that the transfer of the fluid sample can occur in otherways as well.

As mentioned before, the fluid sample can be collected subcutaneously oron the surface of the tissue. Regarding collection of fluid on thesurface of the tissue, a number of techniques can be used to collect thesample. For instance, after forming the incision, the lancet-sampler 52is temporarily retracted from the tissue, and once a predefined periodhas elapsed and/or fluid is detected on the surface of the tissue, thelancet-sampler 52 is reapplied to the incision in order to collect afluid sample via the capillary channel 50. An electromechanicalpositioning system, such as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser.No. 10/737,660, filed Dec. 16, 2003, entitled “Blood AcquisitionSuspension System” (attorney docket number 7404-549), which is herebyincorporated by reference, can be used to position the lancet-sampler52. The electromechanical positioning mechanism slowly moves thelancet-sampler 52 towards the tissue until a fill sensor in thelancet-sampler 52 detects that a sufficient amount of fluid has beencollected.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a fluid sample that has been collected withthe lancet-sampler 52. As can be seen, the fluid from the lancet tip isdrawn up the capillary groove 36 and into the sample transfer opening38. As noted before, the cover foil 48 over the capillary groove 36tends to enhance fluid collection. Once the fluid reaches the sampletransfer opening 38, the fluid then can be immediately transferred tothe test pad 64 or the lancet 30 can be moved so that the fluid can betransferred to the test pad 64. In one embodiment, the body fluid volumeneeded for analysis is 100 nanoliters (nL), and the test time isapproximately 1-2 seconds. However, it is contemplated that other samplevolumes can be used and test times can be different in otherembodiments. Once the fluid sample is analyzed, the section of tape 62containing the now used lancet-sampler 52 is wrapped around a wastespool in the cassette for later disposal. It should be recognized thatthe used lancet-samplers 52 can be disposed of in other manners.

A lancet-sampler 92 according to another embodiment will be nowdescribed with reference to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17. As can be seen, thelancet-sampler 92 in FIG. 15 shares several features in common with thelancet-sampler 52 that was previously described with reference to FIG.4. Like the previous embodiment, the lancet-sampler 92 includes thelancet 30 with the lancet tip 32 extending from the lancet body 34, thecapillary groove 36, the vent slot 40, the cover foil 48, and theprotective cap 56. For the sake of clarity as well as brevity, thecommonly shared features will not be discussed at length below, butreference is made to the previous discussion of these features.

To protect the cover foil 48 when the protective cap 56 is pulled fromthe lancet tip 32, the protective cap 56 has a break line 94 that isscored, thinned, and/or otherwise weakened so that the protective cap 56detaches from the lancet 30 at the break line 94. As should beappreciated, the break line 94 can be formed in any number of manners,such as by mechanically scoring the protective cap 56 or scoring with alaser, to name a few examples.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lancet-sampler 92 does not have thesample transfer opening 38, but rather, the capillary groove 36 is usedto directly deposit the sampled body fluid onto the test pads 64 on thetape 62. As illustrated in FIG. 15, the capillary groove 36 is fullyetched through the lancet 30 along the entire length of the capillarygroove 36. That is, the capillary groove 36 opens on both sides of thelancet 30. By being fully etched, the capillary groove 36 maximizes theavailable volume for transporting body fluid, which is helpfulespecially for thin lancets. Moreover, the fully etched capillary groove36 tends to simply manufacturing because it eliminates the need tightlyto control depth tolerances required to form a partially etchedcapillary groove 36. It is however envisioned that in other embodimentsthe capillary groove 36 can have sections that are partially etched. Toform the enclosed capillary channel 50, the lancet 30 is sandwichedbetween a pair of cover foils 48, as is depicted in FIG. 17. In anothervariation, the capillary groove 36 is fully etched, but only one side ofthe capillary channel 50 is covered with a cover foil 48, such as shownin FIG. 18, thereby creating an open capillary channel configurationalong the entire length of the capillary channel 50. The capillarychannel 50 in still yet other embodiments can have sections that areopen and other sections that are closed. Referring to FIG. 15, at thedistal end of the lancet tip 32, the capillary groove 36 is uncovered orexposed so that the capillary groove 36 is able to collect body fluidfrom the incision, and the opposite end of the capillary groove 36 isexposed so as to form the vent slot 40.

Looking at FIG. 18, a section of the capillary groove 36 on the side ofthe lancet 30 that faces the test pad 64 is likewise not covered by thecover foil 48 so that the capillary groove 36 is able to deposit bodyfluid onto the test pad 64. Once the lancet-sampler 92 is positionedover the test pad 64, the lancet-sampler 92 and the carrier tape 62(test pad 64) form a fluid transfer gap 96. In comparison to thecapillary groove 36, the fluid transfer gap 96 has a higher affinity forthe body fluid because the fluid transfer gap 96 is smaller than thecapillary groove 36. Due to the higher affinity, the body fluid istransferred to the fluid transfer gap 96 such that the body fluidspreads below the lancet-sampler 92 and over the test pad 64. As can beseen, body fluid 98 in the fluid transfer gap 96 is able to cover anarea that is wider than the capillary groove 36. It is contemplated thatthe lancet-sampler 92 and/or the carrier tape 62 can contain portionsthat are hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic so as to direct the fluid flow.

An electrochemical version of a lancet-sampler 100 according to stillyet another embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 19. The lancet-sampler 100in FIG. 19 shares several features in common with the previousembodiments, such as the lancet 30, the capillary groove 36, and thetest tape 62. For the sake of clarity as well as brevity, the commonlyshared features will not be discussed at length below, but reference ismade to the previous discussions. The lancet-sampler 100 includes areagent or test layer 102 with chemicals for electrochemically analyzingfluid samples, like enzymes and mediators. The reagent layer 102 isdisposed on the carrier tape 62 and covers one or more electrodes 104.The electrodes 104 can include working, counter, and referenceelectrodes as well as other types of electrodes, such as for detectingfill sufficiency. The electrodes 104 are disposed on the carrier tape62. All or portions of the electrodes can be disposed on the same sideor on the opposite side of the carrier tape 62 as the reagent layer 102.In the illustrated embodiment, the electrodes 104 and reagent layer aredisposed on the same side.

A lancet-sampler cassette 106 according to one embodiment that is usedto store and index the cassette tape 62 will now be described withreference to FIGS. 20 and 21. The cassette 106 includes a housing 108that has opposing housing panels 110 and a storage wall 112 that definesa storage compartment 114 where an unused section of the tape 62 isstored. In FIGS. 20 and 21, a peripheral wall that wraps around thecassette 106 between the opposing panels 110 has been removed so thatthe inner workings of the cassette 106 can be easily viewed. It shouldbe recognized that the cassette 106 can include one or more sections ofthe peripheral wall to protect and/or maintain the sterility of the tape62.

A spool 116 extends between and is rotatably coupled to the opposinghousing panels 110. The spool 116 is used to move the tape 62, and thetape 62, once used, is wrapped around spool 116. As can be seen, thespool 116 has a sprocket opening 118 that is configured to receive asprocket that is used to rotate the spool 116. First 120 and second 122guide pins or rollers for guiding the tape 62 in the cassette 106 arerotatably coupled to the housing 108. In the illustrated embodiment, thecassette 106 has two guide pins 120, 122, but the cassette 106 in otherembodiments can include more or less guide pins than are shown, such asno guide pins. Looking at FIG. 21, the first 120 and second 122 pins areat one end of the cassette 106 and form a triangular pattern with thespool 116. It should be recognized that the pins 120, 122 and the spool116 can be oriented in other manners. Between the first 120 and second122 guide pins, the tape 62 has an acquisition section 124 where thefluid sample is acquired with the lancet-sampler 52 and analyzed. At theacquisition section 124, the opposing panels 110 of the housing 108 haveone or more sensor openings 126 in which a sensor reader of the meter isreceived in order to read the test pads 64 on the tape 62. It iscontemplated that in other embodiments the sensor openings 126 can beomitted when the sensor reader is located elsewhere along the cassette106. Depending on the analysis technique used, the sensor reader caninclude an optical sensor or electrical contacts, for example.

Inside the storage compartment 114, the tape 62 is folded in a fanfoldfashion. Looking at FIG. 21, the tape 62 is folded with blank sectionsbetween each lancet-sampler 52 so that the lancet-samplers 52 face inthe same direction. In the illustrated embodiment, the lancet-samplers52 are oriented in a tail first configuration in which the lancet tip 32extends opposite to the direction the tape 62 travels during indexing.In other words, the tail or lancet body 34 of the lancet-sampler 52 isthe leading end as the lancet-sampler 52 is moved. With this tail firstorientation, the risk of the lancet 30 piercing the tape 62 is reducedwhen the lancet-sampler 52 is wrapped around the spool 116. Likewise,the risk of jamming the spool 116 is reduced when the tape 62 is wrappedaround the spool 116 in a tail first orientation. Nevertheless, it isenvisioned that in other embodiments the lancet-samplers 52 can beoriented in other manners, such as by having a head or lancing tip firstorientation, and the tape 62 can be folded in other manners. Forexample, the tape 62 can omit the blank sections and have a lancetsampler on every fold. The storage compartment 114 can further include adesiccant 128 for reducing harmful humidity in the storage compartment114. The storage wall 112 includes a divider wall section 130 thatseparates the storage compartment 114 from the portion of the cassette106 that contains the spool 116. As will be explained below, the dividerwall section 130 assists in pulling the protective cover from the lancettip 32.

Turning to FIGS. 22A and 22B, the divider wall section 130 has a slot132 through which the tape 62 passes. On one side of the slot 132, thedivider wall section 130 has an engagement block or portion 134 that isbiased towards the tape 62 by a spring 136. In one form, the engagementblock 134 is made from resilient material such that the engagement block134 can act like a seal so as to prevent contamination of the storagecompartment 114. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring 136 is a leafspring. However, it should be recognized that the spring 136 can includeother types of springs, such as a coil spring, and/or other resilientmeans. For example, in another embodiment, the divider wall section 130is made from springy material that substitutes for the spring 136. Thegap height of the slot 132 is sized large enough so as to allow the tape62 to pass through, but the gap height of the slot 132 is sized smallenough such that the engagement block 134 is able to engage theprotective cover 56 in order to pull the cover 56 from the lancet tip32.

Looking at FIG. 22A, as the spool 116 indexes the tape in an indexingdirection 138, the lancet-sampler 52 passes through the slot 132. Oncethe protective cover 56 reaches the engagement block 134, the cover 56engages the engagement block 134 because the protective cover 56 is toothick to readily pass through the slot 132. As the spool 116 continuesto pull on the tape 62 in the indexing direction 138, the protectivecover 56 is pulled from the lancet tip 32 (FIG. 22B). Once theprotective cover 56 is pulled from the lancet 30, the spool 116 keeps onpulling the tape 62 with sufficient force so that the engagement block134 deflects and/or deforms to allow the protective cover 56 to passthrough the slot 132. Afterwards, the lancet-sampler 52 is positioned atthe acquisition section 124 of the cassette 106, as is depicted in FIG.21. The spool 116 slackens the tape 62, which in turn allows the lancet30 to be fired to cut the incision. After lancing, the spool 116 takesup the slack, and the lancet 30 is disposed over the test pad 64 suchthat the collected fluid sample is deposited on the test pad 64. Via thesensor openings 126, the meter is able to analyze the sample on the testpad 64. Once the test is completed, the spool 116 rotates to wrap thenow used lancet-sampler 52 around the spool 116. With the tail firstorientation of the lancet 30 on the tape 62, the risk of the lancet tip32 cutting and/or breaking the tape 62 is reduced. Subsequently, theunused lancet-samplers 52 in the storage compartment 114 are indexed ina similar fashion.

A lancet-sampler cassette or cartridge 140 according to still yetanother embodiment will be initially discussed with reference to FIG.23. The cassette 140 includes a housing 142 with opposing housing walls144 and a peripheral wall 146 that defines a storage compartment 148 forstoring an unused section of the tape 62 in a fan folded fashion, as isdepicted in FIG. 24A. Like the previously described embodiment, thecassette 140 has the spool 116 for moving the tape 62 as well as theguide pin 120 for guiding the tape 62 in the cassette 140. Near thespool 116, the storage compartment 148 has a curved wall section 150that coincides with the shape to the tape 62 when wrapped around thespool 116. Desiccant 128 is disposed inside the storage compartment 148so as to reduce humidity inside the storage compartment 148. As can beseen, the storage compartment 148 has an exit opening 152 where the tape62 exits the storage compartment 148. At the exit opening 152, thecassette 140 has a seal 154 to maintain the humidity levels within thestorage compartment 148 as well as reduce the chance of contamination inthe storage compartment 148. The housing 142 further has one or moresensor openings 156 in which a sensor reader of the meter is received inorder to read the test pads 64 on the tape 62.

Looking at FIG. 24A, the exit opening 152, the guide pin 120, and thespool 116 are oriented in a triangular relationship with one anothersuch that the tape extends at an acute angle in relation to the guidepin 120. At the guide pin 120, the cassette 140 has an end or flip wallmember 158 that defines a lancet opening 160 through which the lancets30 extend during lancing. As shown, the lancet opening 160 is alignedwith the guide pin 120. Between the end wall 158 and the exit opening152, the cassette 140 has an actuation opening 162 where the firing oractuation mechanism of the meter engages the lancet 30 of thelancet-sampler 52.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lancet-samplers 52 are aligned on thetape 62 in a face or lancet tip first orientation in which the lancettip 32 of the lancet 30 extends towards the spool 116 on the tape 62.With the tip first orientation of the lancets 30, removal of theprotective cover 56 from the lancet tip 32 is simplified, and likewise,actuation of the lancet 30 is simplified. However, as mentioned before,the tip first orientation can create complications when the tape 62 iswrapped around the spool 116. For instance, the lancets 30 can cut oreven break the tape 62, and the spool 116 can become jammed with thelancets 30. To address these concerns, the cassette in FIG. 24A storesand dispenses the lancet-samplers 52 in a tip first orientation, andthen flips the lancets 30 on the tape 62 to a tail first orientationbefore the used section of tape 62 is wrapped around the spool 116.

In one embodiment, after the lancet-sampler 52 exits the storagecompartment 148, the firing mechanism engages the actuator engagementhole 42 in the lancet 30 in order to hold the lancet 30 in place. Themeter and/or the cassette 140 includes a clutch that allows the tape 62to be only moved in the indexing direction 138. The firing mechanism isthen used to pull the lancet 30 in an opposite direction to the indexingdirection, thereby pulling the protective cover 56 from the lancet 30.It should be recognized that the protective cover 56 can be removed inother manners. For example, as the firing mechanism holds the lancet 30in another embodiment, the spool 116 rotates so as to pull theprotective cover 56 from the lancet 30. Once the protective cover 56 isremoved, as is depicted in FIG. 24A, the lancet 30 is fired, and thefluid sample is collected with the lancet-sampler 52 for analysis. Oncethe lancet-sampler 52 is used, the spool 116 indexes the tape 62.Looking at FIG. 24B, as the tape 62 is indexed, the lancet 30 extendsfrom the tape 62 because the tape 62 bends acutely around the guide pin120. Referring to FIG. 24C, as the spool 116 continues to index the tape62, the lancet 30 hits the wall of the lancet opening 160 in the flipmember 158, which in turn causes the lancet 30 to face in a tail firstorientation. With the lancet 30 flipped in a tail first orientation, thelancet 30 and tape 62 can be safely wrapped around the spool 116 as thespool 116 rotates. It should be appreciated that in other embodimentslancing, fluid sampling, and/or analysis can occur after the lancet 30is flipped. For example, in one embodiment, the lancet 30 lances thetissue as the lancet 30 is flipped (FIG. 24B), and the fluid sample isthen analyzed with the lancet 30 in a tail first orientation.

A meter 164 into which the cassette 140 can be loaded is illustrated inFIGS. 25 and 26. In FIGS. 25 and 26, various electrical systems, such ascircuit boards and wires, as well as other components have been removedso that the main systems of the meter 164 can be easily viewed. In theillustrated embodiment, the meter 164 includes a housing 166 in whichother components of the meter 164 are housed. The meter 164 furtherincludes a power supply 168, an indexing mechanism 170 configured toindex the cassette 140, a firing mechanism 172 configured to fire thelancets 30, and a sensor system 174 configured to analyze the collectedfluid samples. The housing 166, which is shown in phantom lines in FIGS.25 and 26, has a rectangular shape, but the housing 166 can be shapeddifferently in other embodiments. The power supply 168 is used to powerthe various systems in the meter 164, like the indexing mechanism 170,the firing mechanism 172, and the sensor system 174. The power supply168 in the depicted embodiment includes batteries, but it should beappreciated that other types of power sources can be used, such forexample electrical outlets or fuel cells. As shown, the sensor system174 is received inside the sensor opening 156 of the cassette 140. Inthe depicted embodiment, the sensor system 174 includes an opticalsensor, but it should be recognized that the sensor system 174 can beconfigured to analyze fluid samples in other manners, such as throughelectrochemical analysis. When fluid is analyzed electrochemically, thesensor system 174 can for example include contacts configured toelectrically couple to the contacts 104 of the electrochemical versionof the lancet-sampler 100 and/or can include a transceiver thatwirelessly communicates with the lancet-sampler 100.

The indexing mechanism 170 in the meter 164 includes an indexing motor176, which in the illustrated example is a reversible electric motorwith a drive worm 178. The indexing motor 176 is powered by the powersupply 168. It again should be appreciated that other types of motorscan be used. The drive worm 178 rotates an intermediate gear 180, whichin turn rotates a main drive gear 182. The main drive gear 182 includesa sprocket that is received in the sprocket opening 118 of the spool116. As the indexing motor 176 rotates the drive worm gear 178, theintermediate gear 180 and the main drive gear 182 rotate, which in turnrotates the spool 116, thereby indexing the tape 62. It is contemplatedthat the indexing mechanism 170 can be configured differently in otherembodiments.

With reference to FIGS. 25, and 26, the firing mechanism 172 includes afiring or drive motor 184, a carriage 186, a lancing or actuator unit188 carried on the carriage 186, a transmission member 190 fortransmitting force from the lancing unit 188, a guide 192 that issecured to the housing 166, and an actuator arm or member 194 that isconfigured to actuate the lancet 30. The drive motor 184 in theillustrated embodiment is a reversible electric motor 184, but in otherembodiments, the drive motor 184 can include other types of motors, likea pneumatic motor and/or a nonreversible motor. When the drive motor 184is only able to supply output in one direction (i.e., a nonreversiblemotor), the firing mechanism 172 can incorporate a transmission that isable to change the output. The drive motor 184 has a worm gear 196 thatengages an intermediate, priming gear 198 that is configured to prime orcock the lancing unit 188. As shown, the priming gear 198 is rotatablycoupled to a guide shaft or rod 199 that is coupled to the housing 166at both ends.

Looking at FIG. 26, the lancing unit 188 is slidably coupled to theguide shaft 199. In the illustrated embodiment, the lancing unit 188 ismechanically driven, and in particular, the lancing unit 188 includes atorsion barrel type firing mechanism, like an ACCU-CHEK® SOFTCLIX orMULTICLIX brand device driver (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, Ind.).For detailed examples of some types of lancing units 188, please referto U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 35,803 to Lange et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 6,419,661to Kuhr et al., which are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety. It should be recognized that other types of firing mechanismscan be used as well. By way of non-limiting examples, the lancing unit188 in other embodiments can include other types of mechanical drivers,electromechanical type drivers, electrical type drivers, pneumaticdrivers, or some combination thereof.

Facing the priming gear 198, the lancing unit 188 has a clutch 200 thatis configured to engage the priming gear 198, as is depicted in FIG.27A. The clutch 200 is only able to rotate in one direction so as toprime the lancing unit 188. FIG. 27B shows an enlarged view of thepriming gear 198 and clutch 200 when engaged. As can be seen, the clutch200 has clutch fingers 202 that engage with clutch teeth 204 on thepriming gear 198. The clutch fingers 202 on the clutch 200 are generallyresilient and extend in a radial inwards direction, towards the guideshaft 199. Turning to FIGS. 27A and 27B, both the clutch fingers 202 andclutch teeth 204 have corresponding engagement surfaces 206 that extendin a general orthogonal direction and disengagement surfaces 208 thatare acutely angled. As the drive motor 184 rotates the priming gear 198in a clockwise direction 210 (FIG. 27B), the engagement surfaces 206 ofthe priming gear 198 and the clutch 200 engage such that the priminggear 198 rotates the clutch 200. As the clutch 200 is likewise rotatedin the clockwise direction 210, the lancing unit 188 is primed bywinding of the spring inside the lancing unit 188. Inside the lancingunit 188, the clutch has a second set of one or more fingers 211 (FIG.27A) that engage notches in the lancing unit 188 so that the clutch 200is only able to rotate in a direction that winds the spring inside thelancing unit 188 such that the lancing unit 188 is primed. Referring toFIG. 27C, when the drive motor 184 rotates the priming gear 198 in acounterclockwise direction 212, due the resilient nature of the clutchfingers 202, the disengagement surfaces 208 generally slide across oneanother such that the priming gear 198 does not rotate the clutch 200.Although the clutch 200 is disengaged from the priming gear 198, thesecond set of fingers 211 of the clutch 200 inside the lancing unit 188prevent the spring inside the lancing unit 188 from unwinding, therebyleaving the lancing unit 188 in a primed state.

Returning to FIGS. 26 and 27A, the carriage 186, which holds the lancingunit 188, is operatively coupled to the priming gear 198 through acarriage actuation member or screw 214. At one end, the carriageactuation screw 214 includes a gear head 216 that engages the priminggear 198. Opposite gear head 216, the carriage actuation screw 214 has athreaded end 218 that is configured to threadedly engage an internallythreaded collar 220 on the carriage 186. Between the gear head 216 andthe threaded end 218, the carriage actuation screw 214 has an unthreadedsection 222. During priming of the lancing unit 188, the threaded collar220 of the carriage 186 is positioned along the unthreaded section 222of the carriage actuation screw 214. As the drive motor 184 rotates thepriming gear 198 in the clockwise direction 210 to prime the lancingunit 188, the carriage actuation screw 214 rotates in a counterclockwisedirection 212. With the carriage actuation screw 214 rotating in acounterclockwise direction 212, the threaded collar 220 remains over theunthreaded section 222 and disengaged from the threaded end 218. Whilethe threaded collar 220 of the carriage 186 remains disengaged from thethreaded end 218, the carriage 186 remains stationary.

At the end of the shaft 199 in FIG. 26, the meter 164 includes anoptional button 223. In one embodiment, the button 223 is adjustablerelative to the shaft 199 so as to be able to adjust the penetrationdepth of the lancet 30. In another embodiment, the button 223 is used tofire the lancet 30. Specifically, the button 223 in one embodimentincludes a hollow tube that is slidably disposed around the shaft 199and extend to the lancing unit 188. When the button 223 is pushed, thehollow tube releases the spring inside the lancing unit 188 such that anextension shaft 225 extends from the lancing unit 188. In furtherembodiments, the hollow tube of the button 223 is not disposed aroundthe shaft 199, but rather, the hollow tube acts as a section of theshaft 199. It should be appreciated that firing can be initiatedmanually by pressing the button 223, automatically, or in some othermanner. Again, the button 223 can be optional in other embodiments, andthe button 223 can be also located at places other than is shown in thedrawings. Moreover, the lancing unit 188 can be fired in other manners.

After the lancing unit 188 is primed and lancing is initiated bypressing the button 223 or in some other manner, the drive motor 184 inone embodiment is reversed, and the priming gear 198 is rotated in thecounterclockwise direction 212. In another embodiment, the firingmechanism 172 does not require the button 223 or some other input deviceto be pushed in order to reverse the output of the drive motor 184. Forexample, after the priming gear 198 is rotated a predetermined number oftimes, the drive motor 184 is reversed. Upon reversal of the drive motor184, the carriage actuation screw 214 rotates in the clockwise direction210, and consequently, the threaded collar 220 of the carriage 186engages the threaded end 218 of the carriage actuation screw 214. As thecarriage actuation screw 214 continues to rotate in the clockwisedirection 210, the threaded end 218 causes the carriage 186 along withthe lancing unit 188 to move away from the priming gear 198 in anextension direction, as is indicated with arrow 224 in FIG. 27A.Eventually, as the carriage 186 continues to move the lancing unit 188in direction 224, the clutch 200 on the lancing unit 188 disengages fromthe priming gear 198 (FIG. 27C).

Opposite the clutch 200, as is shown in FIG. 27A, the lancing unit 188is coupled to the transmission member 190 that transmits the movement ofthe carriage 186 as well as the firing motion from the extension shaft225 of the lancing unit 188 to the actuator member 194. Returning toFIG. 25, the transmission member 190 is received inside the guide member192, and the actuator member 194 is similarly received inside thetransmission member 190. Looking at FIG. 27A, the actuator member 194 inthe illustrated embodiment has a pair of guide pins 226 that extend fromopposing sides of the actuator member 194, but it should be recognizedthat the actuator member 194 can have more or less guide pins 226. Theguide pins 226 extend through corresponding transmission slots 228 inthe actuator member 194 and into guide slots 230 in the guide member192. The guide member 192 is fixed to the housing 166 such that theguide member 192 does not move relative to the housing 166. Referring toFIGS. 27A and 28, the actuator member 194 has an engagement blade 232that is configured to engage the keyhole 42 in the lancet 30.

As shown in FIG. 27A, the guide slots 230 in the guide member 192 aregenerally L-shaped, and the transmission slots 228 in the actuatormember 194 are slanted or angled. The L-shaped guide slots 230 havefirst 234 and second 236 sections that extend orthogonally to oneanother. Depending on the desired travel path for the actuator member194, the slots 228, 230 can be shaped differently in other embodiments.When the transmission member 190 slides relative to the guide member192, such as during firing of the lancing unit 188 and/or when thecarriage 186 is moved, the transmission slots 228 cause the guide pins226 to move along the L-shaped path of the guide slots 230. When theguide pins 226 of the actuator member 194 move in the first sections 234of the L-shaped guide slots 230, the engagement blade 232 of theactuator member 194 moves into engagement with the keyhole 42 of thelancet 30. Once the guide pins 226 reach the corners of the L-shapedguide slots 230, the transmission slots 228 in the moving transmissionmember 190 push the guide pins 226 in direction 224 along the secondsection 236 of the L-shaped guide slot 230. This in turn causes thelancet 30 to extend from a lancing cap 238 of the meter 164 in order tolance the tissue and/or collect fluid from the incision.

A technique for obtaining and analyzing a fluid sample with the cassette140 and meter 164 will be initially described with reference to FIG.29A. To prime the lancing unit 188, the drive motor 184 rotates thepriming gear 198 in the clockwise direction 210, which in turn rotatesthe clutch 200 of the lancing unit 188. During priming of the lancingunit 188, the carriage 186 holding the lancing unit 188 remainsstationary because the carriage actuation screw 214 rotates in thecounterclockwise direction 212 such that threaded collar 220 of thecarriage 186 remains over the unthreaded section 222, disengaged fromthe threaded end 218 of the screw 214. As mentioned before, the indexingmotor 176 is used to index the tape 62 in the cassette 140 so that thelancet-sampler 52 is properly positioned to engage the engagement blade232 of the actuator member 194. In one example, the indexing motor 176indexes the tape 62 after the lancing unit 188 is primed, but it shouldbe recognized that the tape 62 can be indexed before, during, or afterthe lancing unit 188 is primed. During indexing of the tape 62, theprotective cover 56 over the lancet tip 32 of the lancet 30 can beremoved in a similar fashion as was described above with reference tothe cassette 140. The firing mechanism 172 can be primed before or afterthe lancing cap 238 is placed against the skin or other tissue.

Turning to FIG. 29B, once the clutch 200 is rotated sufficiently toprime the lancing unit 188, the firing mechanism 172 is able to befired. Firing can be initiated manually by the user, such as by pressingthe button 223 (FIG. 26) or automatically by the meter 164. In oneembodiment, firing of the lancing unit 188 is initiated after theactuator blade 232 engages the lancet 30, and in another embodiment,firing of the lancing unit 188 occurs before the actuator blade 232engages the lancet 30. Upon priming the lancing unit 188, the drivingmotor 184 reverses such that the priming gear 198 rotates in thecounterclockwise direction 212. As a result, the carriage actuationscrew 214 rotates in the clockwise direction 210, which in turn causesthe threaded collar 220 of the carriage 186 to engage the threaded end218 of the screw 214. Once the collar 220 engages the threaded end 218,the carriage 186 moves away from the priming gear 198, as is indicatedby direction arrow 224. Consequently, the lancing unit 188 along withthe carriage 186 slides along the guide shaft 199, and the clutch 200 ofthe lancing unit 188 disengages from the priming gear 198. Although theclutch 200 is disengaged from the priming gear 198, the lancing unit 188remains primed because the second set of fingers 211 (FIG. 27A) onlyallow the clutch 200 to be rotated in a priming direction, therebypreventing unwinding of the torsion spring inside the lancing unit 188.With the carriage 186 moving in direction 224, the transmission member190 likewise moves in the same direction. In one embodiment, the lancingunit 188 does not fire when the carriage 186 is moved such that themovement of the carriage 186 is the sole source for moving thetransmission member 190. In an alternative embodiment where the lancingunit 188 is fired at the same time the carriage 186 is moved, both themotion of the carriage 186 and the extension of the extension shaft 225move the transmission member 190. The movement of the transmissionmember 190 as well as its transmission slots 228 in direction 224 causethe guide pins 226 to move along the first section 234 of the L-shapedguide slots 230. This in turn pushes the actuator blade 232 of theactuation member 194 into the keyhole 42 of the lancet 30, therebyengaging the lancet 30 to the firing mechanism 172. If the keyhole 42 iscovered with a protective covering or film, the actuator blade 232 canbe configured to puncture the film as well.

With reference to FIG. 29C, after the actuator blade 232 of the firingmechanism 172 engages the lancet, the drive motor 184 stops driving thecarriage 186 in direction 224. At this point, the firing mechanism 172is prepared to fire the lancet 30. Once prepared, the lancing unit 188is fired so that the extension shaft 225 extends from the lancing unit188 in direction 224. As noted above, the lancing unit 188 can beautomatically fired by the meter 164 or manually fired by pressing thebutton 223 and/or by having the user interface with some other type ofinput device. As mentioned above, the lancing unit 188 in otherembodiments can be fired at the same time the carriage 186 is moved indirection 224. Returning to the illustrated embodiment, after the firingmechanism 172 engages the lancet 30 and the user presses the button 223,the lancing unit 188 extends the extension shaft 225. As the extensionshaft 225 moves, the transmission slots 228 in the moving transmissionmember 190 cause the guide pins 226 of the actuator arm 194 to slide inthe second section 236 of the guide slot 230. Consequently, the actuatorarm 194 extends or fires the lancet 30 such that the lancet tip 32 cutsan incision in the tissue.

After cutting the incision, the lancing unit 188 is configured toretract the extension shaft 225 in a retraction direction, as isindicated by arrow 240 in FIG. 29D. This in turn causes the guide pins226 to move in the retraction direction 240, which results in the lancet30 retracting from the incision. Removing the lancet 30 from theincision tends to reduce pain as well as potentially enhance bleedingfrom the incision because the lancet tip 32 does not plug the incision.Afterwards, the lancet 30 can be reapplied so that the lancet tip 32 isdipped into the drop of body fluid on the tissue such that a fluidsample is drawn into the lancet-sampler 52. Looking a FIG. 29E, in orderto reapply the lancet tip 32 to the drop of fluid, the drive motor 184rotates the carriage actuation screw 214 in the clockwise direction 210,thereby moving the carriage 186 in the extension direction 224. As thecarriage 186 moves, the actuator arm 194 along with the lancet 30 movein direction 224, towards the incision.

Looking at FIG. 29F, once the sample is collected, the drive motor 184reverses to rotate the carriage actuation screw 214 in thecounterclockwise direction 240. This causes the carriage 186 to retractin direction 240, which in turn causes the lancet 30 to retract from thetissue. As the drive motor 184 continues to retract the carriage 186,the guide pins 226 of the actuator arm 194 move into the first section234 of the guide slots 230, which in turn disengage the actuator blade232 from the keyhole 42 in the lancet 30. Before, during or after theactuator arm 194 disengages from the lancet 30, the sensor 174 in themeter 164 can be used to analyze the fluid sample. After the firingmechanism 172 disengages from the lancet 30, the tape 62 can be indexedin the manner as described above so that the now used lancet-sampler 52can be flipped and wrapped around the spool 116 of the cassette 140,while an unused lancet-sampler 52 is positioned for engagement with theactuator arm 194 of the firing mechanism 172. The drive motor 184continues to retract the carriage 186 until the collar 220 disengagesfrom the threaded end 218 at the unthreaded section 222 of the carriagescrew 214. Around the same time, the clutch 200 of the lancing unit 188reengages the priming gear 198 so that the drive motor 184 is again ableto prime the lancing unit 188. Subsequent lancets 30 are then able to befired and analyze fluid in the same fashion as described above. Itshould be recognized that the meters in other embodiments can beconfigured differently.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in thedrawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered asillustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood thatonly the preferred embodiment has been shown and described and that allchanges and modifications that come within the spirit of the inventionare desired to be protected. All publications, patents and patentapplications cited in this specification are herein incorporated byreference as if each individual publication, patent, or patentapplication was specifically and individually indicated to beincorporated by reference as set forth in its entirety herein.

1. A body fluid sampling device, comprising: a lancet including a lancettip configured to lance tissue; a protective cover covering at least aportion of the lancet tip; and a tape coupled to the lancet and theprotective cover, the tape having a slackened section between the lancetand the protective cover for allowing removal of the protective coverfrom the lancet tip when the tape is pulled.
 2. The device of claim 1,further comprising: a test pad for analyzing a body fluid sampledisposed on the tape at the slackened section; the tape at the slackenedsection being folded around the test pad to form a packet for protectingthe test pad prior to use; and the packet being configured to unfoldwhen the tape is pulled.
 3. The device of claim 2, wherein: the lancetincludes a capillary groove extending along the lancet tip for drawingthe body fluid sample and a sample transfer opening fluidly coupled tothe capillary groove; and the test pad is disposed on the tape at aposition to align with the sample transfer opening when the packet isunfolded for transferring fluid from the sample transfer opening to thetest pad.
 4. The device of claim 3, further comprising a cover foilcovering at least a portion of the capillary groove to form a closedcapillary channel.
 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the sample transferopening has a vent slot that is left uncovered by the cover foil forventing air as the body fluid sample fills the sample transfer opening.6. The device of claim 1, further comprising: a first tape connectorcoupling the protective cover to the tape; and a second tape connectorcoupling the lancet to the tape.
 7. The device of claim 1, wherein thelancet defines an actuator engagement opening configured to engage anactuator member of a lancing mechanism to fire the lancet.
 8. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the protective cover includes at least a pair ofprotective foils between which the lancet tip is sandwiched.
 9. Amethod, comprising: providing a lancet with a portion of the lancetcovered with a protective cover; forming a slackened section of a tape;and attaching the lancet and the protective cover to the tape with theslackened section located between where the lancet and the protectivecover are attached to the tape.
 10. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising sterilizing the lancet before said attaching the lancet andthe protective cover to the tape.
 11. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising: depositing a test pad on the tape; and wherein said formingthe slackened section includes folding the tape around the test pad tocreate an airtight packet.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein saidattaching the lancet and the protective cover to the tape includespositioning the lancet at a position where the test pad aligns with thelancet when the packet is unfolded.
 13. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising: attaching a first tape connector to the protective cover;attaching a second tape connector to the lancet; and wherein saidattaching the lancet and the protective cover to the tape includesattaching the first tape connector and the second tape connector to thetape.
 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising: forming a capillarygroove in the lancet.
 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:covering at least a portion of the capillary groove with a cover foil toform an enclosed capillary channel; drawing a solution containing asurfactant into the enclosed capillary channel; and making the enclosedcapillary channel hydrophilic by evaporating the solution such that thesurfactant remains in the enclosed capillary channel.
 16. The method ofclaim 14, further comprising: covering at least a portion of thecapillary groove with a cover foil to form an enclosed capillarychannel.
 17. A method, comprising: providing a tape assembly, whereinthe tape assembly includes a tape and a lancet with a protective covercovering at least a portion of the lancet, wherein the lancet and theprotective cover are attached to the tape with a slackened section ofthe tape located between where the lancet and the protective cover areattached to the tape; and pulling the protective cover from the lancetby applying tension to the tape.
 18. The method of claim 17, furthercomprising: wherein the slackened section of the tape includes a foldedsection of the tape that forms a protective packet around a test pad;and wherein said pulling the protective cover includes pulling theprotective packet apart.
 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:wherein the lancet includes a sample transfer opening where a fluidsample is collected; and aligning the test pad with the sample transferopening by pulling the packet apart.
 20. The method of claim 19, furthercomprising: lancing a tissue with the lancet before said aligning; andcollecting a fluid sample with a capillary groove in the lancet beforesaid aligning.
 21. The method of claim 19, further comprising: lancing atissue with the lancet after said aligning.
 22. The method of claim 17,further comprising: wherein the tape assembly is disposed in a cassettethat includes at least one spool around which the tape assembly iswrapped; engaging the protective cover with walls of a slot before saidpulling; and wherein said pulling includes rotating the spool.
 23. Themethod of claim 17, further comprising: wherein the tape assembly isdisposed in a cassette that includes at least one spool around which thetape assembly is wrapped; wherein the cassette includes a clutch thatallows the spool to rotate in only one direction; engaging the lancetwith an actuator arm of a firing mechanism; and wherein said pullingincludes moving the lancet with the actuator arm counter to thedirection the spool rotates.
 24. The method of claim 17, furthercomprising: wrapping the tape assembly around a spool with the lancet ina tail first orientation.
 25. The method of claim 24, furthercomprising: flipping the lancet from a tip first orientation to the tailfirst orientation before said wrapping.
 26. A body fluid samplingdevice, comprising: a lancet configured to lance an incision in tissue;and a carrier tape coupled to the lancet, the carrier tape including atest pad configured to analyze the body fluid, the tape being foldedaround the test pad, wherein the test pad is located at a position toalign with the lancet when the tape is unfolded.
 27. The device of claim26, wherein the lancet defines a capillary groove configured to drawbody fluid from the incision via capillary action.
 28. The device ofclaim 27, wherein: the lancet has a sample transfer opening configuredto collect the body fluid from the capillary groove; and the test pad islocated at a position to align with the sample transfer opening when thetape is unfolded.
 29. The device of claim 27, further comprising ahydrophilic cover covering at least a portion of the capillary groove toform a closed capillary channel.
 30. The device of claim 26, wherein thetape folded around the packet is sealed together to form an airtightpacket.
 31. The device of claim 30, wherein the packet is sealed with apeelable adhesive for allowing the tape around the test pad to peelapart.
 32. The device of claim 26, further comprising a protective covercovering at least a portion of the lancet, the protective cover beingattached to the tape at a position configured to pull the protectivecover from the lancet when the tape is pulled.
 33. A lancet-sampler,comprising: a lancet having a body and a lancet tip extending from thebody configured to cut an incision in tissue, the lancet having opposingfirst and second sides, the lancet defining a groove in the first sidethat extends from the lancet tip to the body; a cover covering at leasta portion of the groove over the first side to define a capillarychannel configured to draw body fluid via capillary action; and thegroove having at least a segment that extends completely through thelancet from the first side to the second side.
 34. The lancet-sampler ofclaim 33, wherein the segment that extends completely through the lancetextends for the entire length of the capillary groove.
 35. Thelancet-sampler of claim 34, further comprising: a second cover coveringat least a portion of the groove on the second side to enclose thecapillary channel.
 36. The lancet-sampler of claim 34, wherein thegroove on the second side is uncovered so that the capillary channel isopen on the second side.
 37. The lancet-sampler of claim 33, wherein thesegment that extends completely through the lancet has the same width asthe rest of the groove.
 38. The lancet-sampler of claim 33, wherein thesegment that extends completely through the lancet is wider than therest of the groove.
 39. The lancet-sampler of claim 33, wherein: thegroove has a fully-etched section and a partially etched section; thelancet defines a sample transfer opening that is wider than the groovefor transferring the body fluid to a test pad; the fully-etched sectionis fluidly coupled between the partially etched section and the sampletransfer opening; and the fully-etched section has the same width as thepartially etched section to provide a gradual transition that allowsmomentum of the body fluid in the groove to carry the body fluid to thesample transfer opening.
 40. A method, comprising: providing a tapeassembly that includes a tape with a folded section that forms aprotective package around a test pad and a lancet attached to the tape;and pulling the protective package apart.
 41. The method of claim 40,further comprising: aligning the test pad with the lancet when theprotective package is pulled apart.
 42. The method of claim 41, furthercomprising: transferring a fluid sample from the lancet to the test padafter said aligning.
 43. The method of claim 42, wherein: the lancetincludes a capillary groove; and said transferring the fluid sampleincludes drawing the fluid sample from the capillary groove onto thetest pad.
 44. The method of claim 41, further comprising: lancing skinwith the lancet prior to said transferring the fluid sample.
 45. Themethod of claim 40, further comprising: indexing a second folded sectionof the tape that forms a second protective package around a second testpad to a fluid collection position; and pulling the second protectivepackage apart to expose the second test pad.